Chargeback reason codes, explained.
Search a code or a word. For each one: what the cardholder’s bank is saying, the evidence that usually wins, and how to stop it happening again.
105 codes
Visa
- 10.1 EMV Liability Shift Counterfeit FraudThe cardholder says they did not make an in-person purchase, and the card used was a counterfeit copy of a chip card. The merchant is liable because the payment was read from the magnetic stripe or keyed in instead of the chip, usually on a terminal that could not read chips. Fraud
- 10.2 EMV Liability Shift Non-Counterfeit FraudThe cardholder says a lost, stolen or never-received chip-and-PIN card was used without permission in person. The merchant is liable because its terminal could not verify the PIN, or the card was not read with the chip. Fraud
- 10.3 Other Fraud – Card-Present EnvironmentThe cardholder says they did not authorize or take part in an in-person purchase, and the case does not fall under the chip liability rules. It often means the card was used by someone else at the counter. Fraud
- 10.4 Other Fraud – Card-Absent EnvironmentThe cardholder says they did not authorize or take part in an online, phone or mail-order purchase. It is the most common fraud dispute for online stores, SaaS and subscription apps, and it can also be filed when the real cardholder simply forgot or did not recognize the charge. Fraud
- 10.5 Visa Monitoring ProgramsVisa itself has flagged the transaction through one of its monitoring programs (formerly named the Visa Fraud Monitoring Program), because the merchant’s fraud levels were too high. It does not start from a cardholder claim, and the merchant has very limited rights to respond. Fraud
- 11.2 Declined AuthorizationThe merchant completed a sale even though the card issuer had declined it or asked for the card to be picked up. The issuer disputes it because it never approved the payment.
- 11.3 No Authorization/Late PresentmentThe merchant needed an authorization and did not get one, or got one but sent the transaction for settlement too late. Late presentment cases used to have their own condition, 12.1.
- 12.2 Incorrect Transaction CodeThe transaction was sent with the wrong transaction type, for example a refund processed as a charge, or a charge processed as a refund. Processing error
- 12.3 Incorrect CurrencyThe transaction was processed in a different currency than the one shown to the cardholder, or a currency conversion was applied without the cardholder agreeing to it. A change in exchange rates alone is not a reason for this dispute. Processing error
- 12.4 Incorrect Account NumberThe transaction was processed on a card number that does not exist at the issuer, or that differs from the card the cardholder used. Processing error
- 12.5 Incorrect AmountThe cardholder was charged an amount different from the one they agreed to or the one on their receipt. Processing error
- 12.6.1 Duplicate ProcessingThe cardholder says they were charged more than once for the same purchase. Processing error
- 12.6.2 Paid by Other MeansThe cardholder says they paid for the purchase another way, such as with another card, cash or a bank transfer, and the card was charged anyway. Processing error
- 12.7 Invalid DataThe authorization was obtained with wrong data, such as an incorrect transaction date, merchant category code or other merchant details, and the issuer would not have approved it with the correct data. Processing error
- 13.1 Merchandise/Services Not ReceivedThe cardholder says they paid but never received the goods or the service, or did not get them by the agreed date. Customer dispute
- 13.2 Cancelled Recurring TransactionThe cardholder says they cancelled a subscription or withdrew permission to be billed, and was charged again. It also applies when the account was closed before the charge. Customer dispute
- 13.3 Not as Described or Defective Merchandise/ServicesThe cardholder says what they received was broken, damaged, or different from what was described at the time of purchase. Customer dispute
- 13.4 Counterfeit MerchandiseThe cardholder says the goods they received are fake copies of a branded product. Customer dispute
- 13.5 MisrepresentationThe cardholder says the purchase terms were misleading, for example a hidden cost, an unclear trial or a promise that was not kept. Customer dispute
- 13.6 Credit Not ProcessedThe cardholder says they returned goods or were promised a refund, and the refund never arrived. Customer dispute
- 13.7 Cancelled Merchandise/ServicesThe cardholder says they cancelled an order or a service, or returned goods, and was still charged or did not get the refund they expected. It covers one-off purchases, while subscriptions usually fall under 13.2. Customer dispute
- 13.8 Original Credit Transaction Not AcceptedMoney was pushed to the card (an original credit transaction, used for payouts and transfers), and the cardholder did not or could not accept it. Customer dispute
- 13.9 Non-Receipt of Cash or Load Transaction ValueThe cardholder says they did not get all the cash from an ATM withdrawal, or all the value from a load onto a prepaid card or account. Customer dispute
Mastercard
- 4808 Authorization-related ChargebackThe merchant did not get a valid authorization for the transaction, completed it after a decline, or presented it after the authorization had expired. Mastercard groups all authorization problems under this one code.
- 4837 No Cardholder AuthorizationThe cardholder says they did not authorize or take part in the transaction. It is Mastercard’s main fraud code and is often used for online and subscription charges. Fraud
- 4840 Fraudulent Processing of TransactionsThe cardholder took part in one valid purchase, but says other charges were then made on the card without their permission by the same merchant. Fraud
- 4849 Questionable Merchant ActivityMastercard has identified the merchant in one of its compliance or fraud programs, and the issuer disputes transactions covered by that finding. Fraud
- 4863 Cardholder Does Not Recognize—Potential FraudThe cardholder does not recognize the charge on their statement and suspects fraud. Unlike 4837, the cardholder has not confirmed it is fraud: often they just do not know the merchant name. Fraud
- 4870 Chip Liability ShiftThe cardholder says a counterfeit card was used in person without their permission. The merchant is liable because its terminal did not read the chip of a chip card. Fraud
- 4871 Chip/PIN Liability ShiftThe cardholder says a lost, stolen or never-received chip-and-PIN card was used in person without their permission. The merchant is liable because its terminal could not verify the PIN. Fraud
- 4834 Point-of-Interaction ErrorSomething went wrong in how the transaction was processed: a duplicate charge, a wrong amount, a wrong currency, a late presentment or a charge already paid another way. Mastercard groups these processing errors under one code. Processing error
- 4831 Transaction Amount DiffersThe cardholder was charged a different amount than the one they agreed to. Mastercard now files this case under 4834, but issuers and processors still report this code. Processing error
- 4842 Late PresentmentThe transaction was sent for settlement too long after it took place, and the card account was no longer in good standing. Mastercard now files this case under 4834, but the code still appears. Processing error
- 4846 Correct Transaction Currency Code Not ProvidedThe transaction was processed in the wrong currency, or a currency conversion was applied without the cardholder agreeing to it. Mastercard now files this case under 4834, but the code still appears. Processing error
- 4853 Cardholder DisputeThe cardholder has a problem with the purchase itself: not received, defective, not as described, cancelled but still charged, or a refund that never came. Mastercard groups most consumer disputes under this one code. Customer dispute
- 4854 Cardholder Dispute—Not Elsewhere Classified (U.S. Region Only)A U.S. cardholder has a complaint about goods or services that no other code covers, and has tried to settle it with the merchant first. It only applies in the U.S. region. Customer dispute
- 4841 Cancelled Recurring or Digital Goods TransactionsThe cardholder says they cancelled a subscription and was charged again, or was charged for digital goods they did not mean to buy. Mastercard now files this case under 4853, but the code still appears. Customer dispute
- 4855 Goods or Services Not ProvidedThe cardholder says they paid but never received the goods or the service. Mastercard now files this case under 4853, but the code still appears. Customer dispute
- 4859 Addendum, No-show, or ATM DisputeThe cardholder disputes an extra charge added after a sale (for example after a hotel or car rental), a no-show fee, or cash not received at an ATM. Mastercard now files these cases under other codes, but this one still appears. Customer dispute
- 4860 Credit Not ProcessedThe cardholder says they were promised a refund, or returned goods, and the refund never arrived. Mastercard now files this case under 4853, but the code still appears. Customer dispute
- 4999 Domestic Chargeback Dispute (Europe Region Only)Used only in Europe, for disputes between an issuer and an acquirer in the same country under local rules. The reason behind it depends on the domestic rules of that country. Customer dispute
American Express
- A01 Charge Amount Exceeds Authorization AmountThe amount you submitted is higher than the amount the card issuer approved. The card member, or the issuer, disputes the extra part.
- A02 No Valid AuthorizationThe charge was submitted without a valid approval from the card issuer, or the approval was declined.
- A08 Authorization Approval ExpiredThe approval was valid when it was given, but the charge was submitted after that approval had expired.
- C02 Credit Not ProcessedThe card member says they were promised a refund or credit and it never reached their account. Customer dispute
- C04 Goods/Services Returned or RefusedThe card member says they returned the goods or refused them at delivery, and did not get credit for them. Customer dispute
- C05 Goods/Services CancelledThe card member says they cancelled the order or the service and were still charged, or did not receive a credit. Customer dispute
- C08 Goods/Services Not Received or Only Partially ReceivedThe card member says they paid but did not receive what they ordered, or received only part of it. Customer dispute
- C14 Paid by Other MeansThe card member says they already paid for the same purchase another way, such as another card or cash. Customer dispute
- C18 "No Show" or CARDeposit CancelledThe card member says they cancelled a reservation or a deposit, often for lodging, and were still charged or not credited. Customer dispute
- C28 Cancelled Recurring BillingThe card member says they cancelled a subscription or recurring charge and were billed again afterwards. Customer dispute
- C31 Goods/Services Not As DescribedThe card member says what they received is different from what was described when they bought it. Customer dispute
- C32 Goods/Services Damaged or DefectiveThe card member says the goods arrived damaged, or the goods or service did not work. Customer dispute
- F10 Missing ImprintThe card member says they did not make the charge, and the merchant cannot show that the card was physically present. Fraud
- F14 Missing SignatureThe card member says they did not make an in-person charge, and the merchant cannot provide a signed receipt or other proof they took part. Fraud
- F24 No Card Member AuthorizationThe card member says they did not authorize the charge and did not take part in it. Fraud
- F29 Card Not PresentThe card member says they did not authorize a charge made online, by phone or by mail, where the card was not shown. Fraud
- F30 EMV CounterfeitThe card member says a counterfeit copy of their chip card was used, and the charge was not processed with the chip. Fraud
- F31 EMV Lost/Stolen/Non-ReceivedThe card member says their chip card was lost, stolen or never received, and the charge was not processed with chip and PIN. Fraud
- FR2 Fraud Full Recourse ProgramThe merchant is in the Fraud Full Recourse Program, so a fraud claim is charged back without asking the merchant for documents first. Fraud
- FR4 Immediate Chargeback ProgramThe merchant is in the Immediate Chargeback Program, so a dispute is charged back without an inquiry being sent first. Fraud
- FR6 Partial Immediate Chargeback ProgramThe merchant is in the Partial Immediate Chargeback Program, so some disputes, usually low-value ones, are charged back without an inquiry first. Fraud
- M01 Chargeback AuthorizationThe merchant agreed to the chargeback, for example in reply to an inquiry from American Express. Processing error
- M10 Vehicle Rental - Capital DamagesThe card member disputes a charge for damage to a rented vehicle. Customer dispute
- M49 Vehicle Rental - Theft or Loss of UseThe card member disputes a charge for the theft of a rented vehicle, or for the time it could not be rented out. Customer dispute
- P01 Unassigned Card NumberThe charge was submitted with a card number that is not a valid American Express account. Processing error
- P03 Credit Processed as ChargeA refund meant for the card member was sent as a charge, so they were billed instead of credited. Processing error
- P04 Charge Processed as CreditA charge was sent as a credit, so the card member was credited instead of billed. Processing error
- P05 Incorrect Charge AmountThe amount charged is different from the amount the card member agreed to pay. Processing error
- P07 Late SubmissionThe charge was submitted to American Express later than its rules allow. Processing error
- P08 Duplicate ChargeThe card member says the same charge was billed more than once. Processing error
- P22 Non-Matching Card NumberThe card number submitted with the charge does not match the number that was authorized. Processing error
- P23 Currency DiscrepancyThe charge was submitted in a different currency from the one agreed with the card member, or with a conversion error. Processing error
- R03 Insufficient ReplyAmerican Express asked the merchant for information about a charge, and the reply did not include what was needed. Processing error
- R13 No ReplyAmerican Express asked the merchant for information about a charge, and no reply was received in time. Processing error
Discover
- AA Does Not RecognizeThe cardholder says they do not recognize the charge on their statement. Customer dispute
- AP Cancelled Recurring TransactionThe cardholder says a recurring charge was billed after they cancelled it, or after their account was closed. Customer dispute
- AW Altered AmountThe cardholder says the amount charged is different from the amount they agreed to. Processing error
- CD Credit/Debit Posted IncorrectlyA transaction was posted the wrong way, for example a refund was posted as a sale. Processing error
- DP Duplicate ProcessingThe cardholder says the same transaction was charged more than once. Processing error
- IC Illegible Sales DataThe card issuer asked for a copy of the sales record and could not read the copy it received. Processing error
- NF Non-Receipt of Cash from ATMThe cardholder says an ATM did not give them the cash that was charged to their account. Customer dispute
- PM Paid by Other MeansThe cardholder says they already paid for the purchase another way, such as another card, cash or a check. Customer dispute
- RG Non-Receipt of Goods, Services, or CashThe cardholder says they paid but did not receive the goods, services or cash. Customer dispute
- RM Quality DiscrepancyThe cardholder says the goods or services were not of the quality described or expected. Customer dispute
- RN2 Credit Not ReceivedThe cardholder says they were due a refund or credit and it never arrived. Customer dispute
- UA01 Fraud - Card Present TransactionThe cardholder says they did not authorize or take part in an in-person transaction. Fraud
- UA02 Fraud - Card Not Present TransactionThe cardholder says they did not authorize or take part in a transaction made online, by phone or by mail. Fraud
- UA05 Fraud - Chip Counterfeit TransactionThe cardholder says a counterfeit card was used in person, and the chip was not used to process the sale. Fraud
- UA06 Fraud - Chip and PIN TransactionThe cardholder says a lost or stolen chip and PIN card was used in person, and the PIN was not checked by the terminal. Fraud
- 4534 Duplicate ProcessingThe cardholder says the same transaction was charged more than once. Processing error
- 4537 Fraud - Card Present TransactionThe cardholder says they did not authorize or take part in an in-person transaction. This numeric code replaces UA01 for newer disputes. Fraud
- 4542 Late PresentationThe transaction was sent for settlement later than Discover’s rules allow. Processing error
- 4550 Credit/Debit Posted IncorrectlyA transaction was posted the wrong way, for example a refund was posted as a sale. Processing error
- 4553 Cardholder Disputes Quality of Goods or ServicesThe cardholder says the goods or services were not of the quality described or expected. Customer dispute
- 4586 Altered AmountThe cardholder says the amount charged is different from the amount they agreed to. Processing error
- 4752 Does Not RecognizeThe cardholder says they do not recognize the charge on their statement. Customer dispute
- 4753 Invalid Cardholder NumberThe transaction was submitted with a card number that is not valid. Processing error
- 4755 Non-Receipt of Goods or ServicesThe cardholder says they paid but did not receive the goods or services. Customer dispute
- 4863 Authorization Non-ComplianceThe merchant did not get a valid authorization for the transaction, and the card issuer cannot collect the amount from the cardholder.
- 4864 Non-Receipt of Cash from ATMThe cardholder says an ATM did not give them the cash that was charged to their account. Customer dispute
- 4865 Paid by Other MeansThe cardholder says they already paid for the purchase another way, such as another card, cash or a check. Customer dispute
- 4866 Fraud - Chip Card Counterfeit TransactionThe cardholder says a counterfeit card was used in person, and the chip was not used to process the sale. Fraud
- 4867 Fraud - Chip Card and PIN TransactionThe cardholder says a lost or stolen chip and PIN card was used in person, and the PIN was not checked by the terminal. Fraud
- 4868 Fraud - Card Not Present TransactionThe cardholder says they did not authorize a transaction made online, by phone or by mail. This numeric code replaces UA02 for newer disputes. Fraud
Summaries written by NoChurn from the networks’ public rules and processor documentation. Networks update their rules and deadlines depend on your processor: check its documentation before you respond.
Sources (16)
- Visa Core Rules and Visa Product and Service Rules (24 October 2026) · checked 2026-11-09
- Visa Dispute Management Guide for Merchants · checked 2026-11-09
- Visa, Evolution of Compelling Evidence: FAQs (October 2022) · checked 2026-11-09
- Mastercard Chargeback Guide, Merchant Edition (19 May 2026) · checked 2026-11-09
- Stripe Docs: Dispute reason code categories · checked 2026-11-09
- Stripe Docs: Dispute and fraud card monitoring programs · checked 2026-11-09
- Braintree: Chargeback Reason Codes · checked 2026-11-09
- American Express: How to Manage and Help Prevent Disputes (US Disputes Reference Guide) · checked 2026-11-09
- Stripe Docs: Dispute reason code categories · checked 2026-11-09
- Checkout.com Docs: Chargeback codes · checked 2026-11-09
- Antom (Alipay) Docs: American Express dispute reason codes · checked 2026-11-09
- Braintree Docs: Chargeback reason codes · checked 2026-11-09
- Braintree Docs: Dispute evidence requirements · checked 2026-11-09
- TabaPay Docs: Discover chargeback reason codes · checked 2026-11-09
- TabaPay Docs: PULSE chargeback reason codes · checked 2026-11-09
- Antom (Alipay) Docs: Discover/Diners dispute reason codes · checked 2026-11-09
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