Why it happens
- A stolen card was used and no check of the card or signer was done.
- Card data was keyed in by hand without an imprint or chip read.
- A family member or employee used the card without permission.
Visa10.3Fraud
Other Fraud – Card-Present Environment
The cardholder says they did not authorize or take part in an in-person purchase, and the case does not fall under the chip liability rules. It often means the card was used by someone else at the counter.
What to send to fight it
- Terminal records showing the chip or contactless read.
- A signed receipt or a manual imprint of the card, where used.
- Proof the cardholder took part, such as a matching ID check or loyalty account.
- Proof a refund or reversal was already processed.
How to prevent it
- Read the chip or the contactless device instead of keying in card numbers.
- Check ID for high-value or unusual in-person sales.
- Watch for repeated attempts with different cards at the same till.
Summaries written by NoChurn from the networks’ public rules and processor documentation. Networks update their rules and deadlines depend on your processor: check its documentation before you respond.
Other Visa codes
- 10.1EMV Liability Shift Counterfeit Fraud
- 10.2EMV Liability Shift Non-Counterfeit Fraud
- 10.4Other Fraud – Card-Absent Environment
- 10.5Visa Monitoring Programs
- 11.2Declined Authorization
- 11.3No Authorization/Late Presentment
- 12.2Incorrect Transaction Code
- 12.3Incorrect Currency
- 12.4Incorrect Account Number
- 12.5Incorrect Amount
- 12.6.1Duplicate Processing
- 12.6.2Paid by Other Means
- 12.7Invalid Data
- 13.1Merchandise/Services Not Received
- 13.2Cancelled Recurring Transaction
- 13.3Not as Described or Defective Merchandise/Services
- 13.4Counterfeit Merchandise
- 13.5Misrepresentation
- 13.6Credit Not Processed
- 13.7Cancelled Merchandise/Services
- 13.8Original Credit Transaction Not Accepted
- 13.9Non-Receipt of Cash or Load Transaction Value
Sources (3)
- Visa Core Rules and Visa Product and Service Rules (24 October 2026) · checked 2026-11-09
- Visa Dispute Management Guide for Merchants · checked 2026-11-09
- Visa, Evolution of Compelling Evidence: FAQs (October 2022) · checked 2026-11-09
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